Extended bed for drying and combustion in refuse incinerators



Oct. 1. 1940. D. AGAR 2,216,287 EXTENDED BED FOR DRYING AND coMBUs'rIbN IN REFUSE INCINERATORS Filed June 1, 1939 INVENTOR. DUDLEY Acme.

BY 7w, y ATTORNEYS.

Patented Oct. 1, 1940 UNITED STATES EXTENDED BED FOR DRYING AND COM- BUSTION IN REFUSE INCINERATORS Dudley Agar, Pittsburgh, Pa.

ApplicationJune-l, 1939, Serial No. 276,830

6 Claims.

My invention relates to extended beds for drying and combustion in incinerators for municipal;

One object of my'invention is to provide a:

pivoted section in sucha bed where refuse may be initially deposited and whence, after a desired igniting and drying period, it may be mechanically projected to another section of the bed for final drying and burning. The projecting action is distinguished from a tilting action. known in this art by the fact that in my invention force is applied in appropriate quantity and manner to cause theparts of the mass of refuseto move in trajectories to the area wherefinal. drying and burning takes place, whereas the forceapplied to tilting sections merelyplaces them at an angle where the mass of refuse will slide andmaybe more conveniently fed to the flames by hand tools. Those skilled in this art will recognize that hitherto, mechanical stoking has not had much practical application due to itsconcernwith such refuse characteristics as widely varying angle of repose, resilience andnon-uniformity. These characteristics are only negligibly in-.- volved in the method of transfer which my invention provides, the resilience being of benefit to prevent compacting after transfer, and the. nonuniformity assisting in the scattering eifect.

Another object of my invention is to provide for rotation of the mass of refuse during its projection in such a mannerthat the bottom of the mass of refuse,unexposed to the drying and igniting action of combustion gases and radiation as initially deposited, will be uppermost at the end of the flight and exposed to these drying and'igniting agencies.

Another object of my invention is to provide scattering and strewing of the parts of the refuse at the end of their flight.

Other objects of my invention will be apparcut to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains.

This invention may be readily understood from the illustrative example shown in the accompanyng drawingin which Fig. 1 is a planview showing a pivoted section of the bed and certain adjacent furnace parts; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken approximately from the plane I-l of Fig. 1 of the parts shown in Fig. 1

and showing certain additional parts; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing in full lines the position of the bed andmass of refuse prior to motion and in dotted lines the position of the bed and of the mass of refuse afterthe' mechanical action of the pivoted section of the bed has been completed but before the-projected mass of refuse has completed its flight, as well as the trajectory of the particle of refuse most distant fromthe pivot axis for a particular velocity of the pivoted section at the end of its acceleration; Fig. 4 shows an alternate arrangement with a ball and socket bearing in place of the integral bearing for the axis pivot.

The furnace wall II], the platform I l, the floor I; the ashpit wall 15 the forward portion 13 of the extended bed for drying and combustion are shown in their relation to the parts with which my invention is directly concerned.

The bedsections l are pivoted to the bedsupports 2 in some such way as by integral hinge pins 1 through integral bearings 12. A modification of the method of such pivoting'is shown in Fig. 4 where hinge pin T' connects'bedsection I to bed support 2 through ball and socket bearing 29. The bed sections l are pin connected at the pivot axis as by pin 4 in the indicated sockets to take up expansion stresses and distortion due to heat and mechanical causes, toprovide convenient installation and to allow partialreplacement of the pivoted bed section. The bar 5 is connected to the intergral bearings 8 of the bed sections I as a means of distributing the force from air ram 6 to sections I and as a means of coupling sections I. In the illustrative example only two parts are shown as comprising the pivoted bed but I do not limit my invention to a particular number of sections. Particular conditions of installation will indicate the best condition in this regard.

The air ram 6 is of the type in which compressed air passes through inlet pipe l1, multi passage cook 20, pipe l9 and flexible hose 9 to the under side of piston 28, the above entrance passage being sufiiciently large so that the cylinder volume underthe piston is kept at substantially constant pressure during the entire upward motion of the piston. The air ramB is of the type in which the piston 28 is brought to a gradual stop at the top of the stroke by cutting off the exhaust of air fromabove the piston by the action of cylinder 21, attached to-the upper side of the piston, whichcylinder is of sufficient length to close the exhaust port at a predetermined distance from the top of the stroke. The

air ram 6 is of such a type that the return stroke is made by gravity with compressed air shut off by cock 20 which at the same time opens a sufiiciently restricted passage for the exhaust air from under the piston that the piston comes to a gradual stop.

The air ram 6 is pivotally connected at its lower end to the support 23 through clevis 2 i, hinge pin 22 and bearing 24. The air ram 6 is pivotally connected to the bed sections through clevis 3. hinge pin or bar and bearing 8 through rod l4.

When bed sections I are bearing a load of refuse 25 and are resting on bed supports 2, being in the position indicated by full lines on Fig. 3, the load of refuse may be transferred, overturned and strewn by the application of a force to bed sections I by air ram 6 sufiicient to rotate the bed sections and their load about the axis of pivots I through a predetermined angle and to impart sufficient angular acceleration to the bed sections and load that when the bed sections are suddenly retarded at the end of the angular travel, the load will have sufiicient velocity to carry the desired distance. While not limiting my invention to any particular angular travel of bed sections 1 from the horizontal axis it should be noted that a projectile with an initial direction of forty-five degrees has the maximum horizontal carry. The overturning of the refuse in flight accompanies projection from a hinged bed rotating about the hinge axis as above due to the variation in the velocities of the parts of the mass as they leave the bed from axis to end of bed and the variation in initial direction from face of bed to top of mass.

The strewing and scattering of the parts of the refuse may be brought about byimparting to the pivoted bed section at the point where it is retarded after appropriate angular travel a velocity sufficient to project parts of the refuse on the free end of such section for a greater horizontal distance from the axis of rotation than the length of the bed perpendicular to such axis. This is indicated in trajectory 26. The lateral scattering accompanies the simultaneous projection of a group of parts as of mass 25.

The air ram is energized for the application of the above force by admitting compressed air at sufiicient pressure and velocity under piston 28 at the same time opening the exhaust line above the piston as previously shown. The length of stroke of the piston is made such that the desired amount of angular travel shall have been made immediately before the retarding at the top of the stroke as before described shall have begun.

While the air ram is making its upward stroke it'rotates about the axis of pin 2'2 due to the circular path of bar 5. Flexible hoses 9 and 9 follow the motion of air ram 6 about pin 22.

After the transfer the bed sections are allowed to descend by gravity in the manner previously described.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims hereto appended, and I wish therefore not to be restricted to the precise construction herein. disclosed.

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a refuse incinerator furnace chamber, a main bed for supporting burning refuse, an extension bed in said chamber adjacent one end of the main bed for receiving a deposit of refuse, the inner end of the extension bed being pivoted on a substantially horizontal axis, accelerating means for swinging the extension bed upwardly and forwardly, said means accelerating the extension bed to projection velocity at a predetermined point, and means for arresting said projection velocity of the extension bed at said point whereby the refuse thereon is thrown forward onto the main bed.

2. In a refuse incinerator furnace chamber, a main bed for supporting burning refuse, an extension bed in said chamber adjacent one end of the main bed for receiving a deposit of refuse, the inner end of the extension bed being pivoted on a substantially horizontal axis, accelerating means for swinging the extension bed upwardly and forwardly, said means accelerating the extension bed to projection velocity at a predetermined point, means for retarding the movement of the extension bed at said point whereby the refuse thereon is thrown forward onto the main bed, and means for varying the force imparted by said accelerating means to the extension bed to vary the distance the refuse is thrown by the latter.

3. In a refuse incinerator furnace chamber, a main bed for supporting burning refuse, an extension bed in said chamber adjacent one end of the main bed for receiving a deposit of refuse,

said extension bed'being divided into separate sections, means detachably connecting said sections together into a unit, means pivotally mounting the extension bed unit on a substantially horizontal axis, accelerating means for swinging the extension bed upwardly and forwardly, said means accelerating the extension bed to projection velocity at a predetermined point, and means for retarding the movement of the extension bed at said point whereby the refuse thereon is),

thrown forward onto the main bed.

4. In a refuse incinerator furnace chamber, a main bed for supporting burning refuse, an extension bed in said chamber'adjacent one end of the main bed for receiving a deposit of refuse, said extension bed being divided longitudinally into separate sections, substantially horizontal pins detachably connecting said sections together into a unit, means pivotally mounting the extension bed unit on a substantially horizontal axis, accelerating means for swinging the extension bed upwardly and forwardly, said means accelerating the extension bed to projection velocity at a predetermined point, and means for retarding the movement of the extension bed at said point whereby the refuse thereon is thrown forward onto the main bed.

5. The method of treating refuse in an incinerator, comprising depositing a pile of refuse in the incinerator, allowing the upper portion of the pile to dry, and then projecting the pile upwardly and forwardly and simultaneously overturning the pile to expose its lower portion and scatter the refuse 6. The method of treating refuse in an incinerator, comprising depositing a pile of refuse in the incinerator, allowing the upper portion of the pile to dry, and then projecting the pile upwardly and forwardly with the rear end of the pile traveling faster than the front end whereby the pile is overturned.

DUDLEY AGAR. 

